Comprehensive Psychiatry
Volume 46, Issue 1 , Pages 1-5 , January 2005

Co-occurrence of DSM-IV personality disorders in the United States: results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions

References 

  1. Dahl A. Some aspects of the DSM-III personality disorders illustrated by a consecutive sample of hospitalized patients. Acta Psychiatr. Scand. 1986;73:62–66
  2. Dubro AF, Wetzler S, Kahn MW. A comparison of three self-report questionnaires for the diagnosis of DSM-III personality disorders. J. Pers. Disord. 1988;2:256–266
  3. Flick SN, Roy-Byrne PP, Cowley DS, Shores MM, Dunner DL. DSM-III-R personality disorders in a mood and anxiety disorders clinic: prevalence, comorbidity, and clinical correlates. J. Affect. Disord. 1993;27:71–79
  4. Herpetz S, Steinmeyer EM, Sab H. Patterns of comorbidity among DSM-III-R and ICD-10 personality disorders as observed with a new inventory for the assessment of personality disorders. Eur. Arch. Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci. 1994;244:161–169
  5. McGlashan TH, Grilo CM, Skodol AE. The collaborative longitudinal personality disorders study: baseline Axis I/II and II/II diagnostic co-occurrence. Acta Psychiatr. Scand. 2000;102:256–264
  6. Moldin SO, Rice JP, Erlenmeyer-Kimling L, Squires-Wheeler E. Latent structure of DSM-III-R Axis II psychopathology in a normal sample. J. Abnorm. Psychol. 1994;103:259–266
  7. Oldham JM, Skodol AE, Kellman HD, Hyler SE, Rosnick L, Davies M. Diagnosis of DSM-III-R personality disorders by two structured interviews: patterns of comorbidity. Am. J. Psychiatry. 1992;149:213–220
  8. Pfohl B, Coryell W, Zimmerman M, Stangl DA. DSM-III personality disorders: diagnostic overlap and internal consistency of individual DSM-III criteria. Compr. Psychiatry. 1986;27:21–34
  9. Stuart S, Pfohl B, Battaglia M, Bellodi L, Grove W, Cardoret R. The cooccurrence of DSM-III-R personality disorders. J. Personal. Disord. 1998;12:302–315
  10. Widiger TA, Trull TJ. Performance characteristics of DSM-IV personality disorder sets. In:  Widiger TA,  Frances AJ,  Pincus HA editor. DSM-IV sourcebook. Washington (DC): American Psychiatric Association; 1998;p. 357–373
  11. Zanarini M, Frankenburg F, Chauncery DL, Gunderson JG. The diagnostic interview for personality disorders: interrater and test-retest reliability. Compr. Psychiatry. 1987;28:467–480
  12. Kessler RC, Walters EE. The national comorbidity survey. In:  Tsaung MT,  Tohen M editor. Textbook in psychiatric epidemiology. 2nd ed.. New York (NY): John Wiley & Sons; 2002;p. 343–362
  13. In:  Robins LN,  Regier DS editor. Psychiatric disorder in America: the epidemiologic catchment area. New York (NY): The Free Press; 1991;
  14. First MB, Bell CC, Cuthbert B, Krystal JH, Malison R, Offord DR, et al. In:  Kupfer D,  First MB,  Regier DA editor. Personality disorders and relational disorders. Washington (DC): American Psychiatric Association; 2002;p. 123–199
  15. Widiger T, Sanderson C, Warner L. The MMPI, prototypal typology, and borderline personality disorder. J. Pers. Assess. 1986;50:540–553
  16. Grant BF, Moore TC, Shepard J, Kaplan K. Source and accuracy statement: wave 1 National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC). Bethesda (MD): National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; 2003;
  17. Grant BF, Dawson DA, Stinson FS, Chou PS, Kay W, Pickering R. The alcohol use disorder and associated disabilities interview schedule-IV (AUDADIS-IV): reliability of alcohol consumption, tobacco use, family history of depression and psychiatric diagnostic modules in a general population sample. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2003;71:7–16
  18. Grant BF, Dawson DA, Hasin DS. The alcohol use disorder and associated disability interview schedule-DSM-IV version. Bethesda (MD): National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; 2001;
  19. Zimmerman M. Diagnosing personality disorders: a review of issues and research methods. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry. 1994;51:225–245
  20. Ware JE, Kosinski M, Turner-Bowker DM, Gandek B. How to score version 2 of the SF-12 Health Survey. Lincoln (RI): Quality Metrics; 2002;
  21. Research Triangle Institute. Software for survey data analysis (SUDAAN) version 9.0. Research Triangle Park (NC): Research Triangle Institute; 2002;
  22. Grant BF, Hasin DS, Stinson FS, Dawson DA, Chou SP, Ruan WJ, et al. Prevalence, correlates, and disability of personality disorders in the United States: results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. J. Clin. Psychiatry. 2004;65(7):948–958
  23. Miller JD, Lynam DR, Widiger TA, Leukefeld C. Personality disorders as extreme variants of common personality dimensions: can the five factor model adequately represent psychopathy?. J. Pers. 2001;69:253–276
  24. Morey LC, Zanarini MC. Borderline personality: traits and disorder. J. Abnorm. Psychol. 2000;109:733–737
  25. Wilberg T, Urnes O, Frii S, Pederson G, Karterud S. Borderline and avoidant personality disorders and the five-factor model of personality: a comparison between DSM-IV diagnoses and NEO-PI-R. J. Pers. Disord. 1999;13:226–240

 The views and opinions expressed in this report are those of the authors and should not be construed to represent the views of any of the sponsoring organizations, agencies, or the US government.

PII: S0010-440X(04)00107-5

doi: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2004.07.019

Comprehensive Psychiatry
Volume 46, Issue 1 , Pages 1-5 , January 2005