Comprehensive Psychiatry
Volume 46, Issue 1 , Pages 50-55 , January 2005

The contribution of temperament and character to schizotypy multidimensionality

References 

  1. Lenzenweger MF, Korfine L. Tracking the taxon: on the latent structure and base rate of schizotypy. In:  Raine A,  Lencz T,  Mednick SA editor. Schizotypal Personality. Cambridge (Mass): Cambridge University Press; 1995;p. 135–167
  2. Claridge G, McCreery C, Mason O, Bentall R, Boyle G, Slade P, et al. The factor structure of ‘schizotypal’ traits: a large replication study. Br. J. Clin. Psychol. 1996;35:103–115
  3. Claridge G, Beech T. Fully dimensional and quasi-dimensional constructions of schizotypy. In:  Raine A,  Lencz T,  Mednick SA editor. Schizotypal Personality. Cambridge (Mass): Cambridge University Press; 1995;p. 192–216
  4. Hewitt JK, Claridge GS. The factor structure of schizotypy in a normal population. Pers. Individ. Differ. 1989;10:323–329
  5. Bentall RP, Claridge GS, Slade PD. The multi-dimensional nature of schizotypal traits: a factor analytic study with normal subjects. Br. J. Clin. Psychol. 1989;28:363–375
  6. Venables PH, Bailes K. The structure of schizotypy, its relation to sub-diagnoses of schizophrenia and to sex and age. Br. J. Clin. Psychol. 1994;33:277–294
  7. Venables PH. Schizotypal status as a developmental stage in studies of risk for schizophrenia. In:  Raine A,  Lencz T,  Mednick SA editor. Schizotypal Personality. Cambridge (Mass): Cambridge University Press; 1995;p. 107–131
  8. Vollema MG, van den Bosch RJ. The multidimensionality of schizotypy. Schizophr. Bull. 1995;21:19–31
  9. Raine A, Reynolds C, Lencz T, Scerbo A, Triphon N, Kim D. Cognitive-perceptual, interpersonal, and disorganized features of schizopypal personality. Schizophr. Bull. 1994;20:191–201
  10. Kendler KS, McGuire M, Gruenberg AM, Walsh D. Schizotypal symptoms and signs in the Roscommon Family Study. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry. 1995;52:296–303
  11. Bergman AJ, Silverman JM, Harvey PD, Smith CJ, Siever LJ. Schizotypal symptoms in the relative of schizophrenia patients: an empirical analysis of the factor structure. Schizophr. Bull. 2000;26:577–586
  12. Battaglia M, Cavallini MC, Macciardi F, Bellodi L. The structure of DSM-III-R Schizotypal Disorder Diagnosed by direct interviews. Schizophr. Bull. 1997;23:1–10
  13. Venables PH, Rector NA. The content and structure of schizotypy: a study using confirmatory factor analysis. Schizophr. Bull. 2000;26:587–602
  14. Fossati A, Maffei C, Battaglia M, Bagnato M, Donati D, Donini M, et al. Latent class analysis of DSM-IV schizotypal personality disorder criteria in psychiatric patients. Schizophr. Bull. 2001;27:59–71
  15. Raine A. The SPQ: a scale for the assessment of schizotypal peronality based on DSM-III-R criteria. Schizophr. Bull. 1991;17:555–564
  16. Cloninger CR, Svrakic DM, Przybeck TR. A psychobiological model of temperament and character. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry. 1993;50:975–990
  17. Svrakic DM, Whitehead C, Przybeck TR, Cloninger CR. Differential diagnosis of personality disorders by the seven-factor model of temperament and character. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry. 1993;50:991–999
  18. Svrakic DM, Draganic S, Hill K, Bayon C, Przybeck TR, Cloninger CR. Temperament, character, and personality disorders: etiologic, diagnostic, treatment issues. Acta Psychiatr. Scand. 2002;106:189–195
  19. Bayon C, Hill K, Svrakic DM, Przybeck TR, Cloninger CR. Dimensional assessment of personality in an out-patient sample: relations of the systems of Millon and Cloninger. J. Psychiatr. Res. 1996;30:341–352
  20. Battaglia M, Cloninger CR. Indicators of liability to schizophrenia and psychosis: approaches through personality variants. Ital. J. Psych. Behav. Sci. 1997;2:39–43
  21. Daneluzzo E, Stratta P, Bustini M, Pollice R, Casacchia M, Rossi A. Schizotypal personality Questionnaire (SPQ) among healthy subjects and schizophrenic patients (Studio di validazione dello Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ - versione italiana) in un campione non clinico e di pazienti schizofrenici), G. Ital. Psicopatologia. 1997;3:109–117
  22. Rossi A, Daneluzzo E. Schizotypal dimensions in normals and schizophrenic patients a comparison with other clinical samples. Schizophr. Res. 2002;54:67–75
  23. Cooley WW, Lohnes PR. Multivariate Data Analysis. Malabar (Fla): Krieger; 1986;
  24. Norusis MJ. SPSS for Windows. User's Guide. Release 5.0. Chicago (Ill): SPSS Inc.; 1993;
  25. SAS Institute. Statistical Analysis System. SAS/STAT User's Guide, Version 6. Cary (NC): SAS Institute; 1989;
  26. De la Rie SM, Duijsens IJ, Cloninger CR. Temperament, character, and personality disorders. J. Pers. Disord. 1998;12:362–372
  27. Svrakic NM, Svrakic D, Cloninger CR. A general quantitative theory of personality development: fundamentals of a self-organizing psychobiological complex. Dev. Psychopathol. 1996;8:247–272
  28. Cloninger CR, Svrakic NM, Svrakic DM. Role of personality self-organization in development of mental order and disorder. Dev. Psychopathol. 1997;9:881–906
  29. Guillem F, Bicu M, Semkovska M, Debruille JB. The dimensional symptom structure of schizophrenia and its association with temperament and character. Schizophr. Res. 2002;56:137–147
  30. Meehl PE. Toward an integrated theory of schizotaxia, schizotypy and schizophrenia. J. Pers. Disord. 1990;4:1–99
  31. Claridge G. Theoretical background and issues. In:  Claridge G editors. Schizotypy—Implication for Illness and Health. Oxford (NY): Oxford University Press; 1997;p. 3–17
  32. Jackson M. Benign schizotypy? The case of spiritual experience. In:  Claridge G editors. Schizotypy—Implication for Illness and Health. Oxford (NY): Oxford University Press; 1997;
  33. McCreery C, Claridge G. Out-of-the-body experiences and personality. J. Soc. Phys. Res. 1995;M60:129–148
  34. Hartmann E. Boundaries in the Mind: a New Psychology of Personality. New York (NY): Basic Books; 1991;

PII: S0010-440X(04)00090-2

doi: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2004.07.010

Comprehensive Psychiatry
Volume 46, Issue 1 , Pages 50-55 , January 2005

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution