Comprehensive Psychiatry
Volume 44, Issue 5 , Pages 353-359 , September 2003

Disordered verbalizations in Schizophrenia: a speech disturbance or thought disorder?

  • Martin Harrow

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress reprint requests to Martin Harrow, Ph.D., Professor and Director of Psychology, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois College of Medicine, 1601 W Taylor St, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
    • Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
    • ,
  • Erin M O’Connell

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
    • ,
  • Ellen S Herbener

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
    • ,
  • Adrianne M Altman

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychology, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA
    • ,
  • Kalman J Kaplan

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
    • ,
  • Thomas H Jobe

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA

References 

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  4. Halpern H, McCartin-Clark M. Differential language characteristics in adult aphasic and schizophrenic subjects. J Communication Disord. 1984;17:289–307
  5. Landre N, Taylor M. Formal thought disorder in schizophrenia (linguistic, attentional, and intellectual correlates). J Nerv Ment Dis. 1995;183:673–680
  6. Taylor M, Reed R, Berenbaum S. Patterns of speech disorders in schizophrenia and mania. J Nerv Ment Dis. 1994;182:319–326
  7. Andreasen N, Grove W. Thought, language, and communication in schizophrenia (diagnosis and prognosis). Schizophr Bull. 1986;12:348–372
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  9. Holzman P, Shenton M, Solovey M. Quality of thought disorder in differential diagnosis. Schizophr Bull. 1986;12:360–372
  10. Shenton M, Solovay M, Holzman P. Comparative studies of thought disorders (II. Schizoaffective disorder). Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1987;44:21–30
  11. McGrath J. Ordering thoughts on thought disorder. Br J Psychiatry. 1991;158:307–316
  12. Goldberg T, Aloia M, Gourovitch M, Missar D, Pickar D, Weinberger D. Cognitive substrates of thought disorder I (the semantic system). Am J Psychiatry. 1998;155:1671–1676
  13. Lanin-Kettering I, Harrow M. The thought behind the words (a view of schizophrenic speech and thinking disorders). Schizophr Bull. 1985;11:1–7
  14. Harrow M, Green K, Sands J, Jobe TH, Goldberg JF, Kaplan KJ, et al.  Thought disorder in schizophrenia and mania (Impaired context). Schizophr Bull. 2000;26:879–891
  15. Harrow M, McDonald A, Sands J, Silverstein M. Vulnerability to delusions over time in schizophrenia, schizoaffective and bipolar and unipolar affective disorders (a multi-followup assessment). Schizophr Bull. 1995;21:95–109
  16. Goldberg J, Harrow M. Risk for bipolar illness in patients initially hospitalized for unipolar major depression. Am J Psychiatry. 2001;158:1265–1270
  17. Harrow M, Sands J, Silverstein M, Goldberg J. Course and outcome for schizophrenia vs other psychotic patients (a longitudinal study). Schizophr Bull. 1997;23:287–303
  18. Harrow M, Grossman L, Herbener E, Davis E. Ten-year outcome (patients with schizoaffective disorders, schizophrenia, affective disorders, and mood-incongruent psychiatric symptoms). Br J Psychiatry. 2000;177:421–426
  19. Harrow M, Lanin-Kettering I, Miller J. Impaired perspective and thought pathology in schizophrenic and psychotic disorders. Schizophr Bull. 1989;15:605–623
  20. Grossman L, Harrow M. Interactive behavior in bipolar manic and schizophrenic patients and its link to thought disorder. Compr Psychiatry. 1996;37:245–252
  21. Goldstein K. Methodological approach to the study of schizophrenic thought disorder. In:  Kasanin J editors. Language and Thought in Schizophrenia. New York, NY: Norton; 1944;p. 17–38
  22. Marengo J, Harrow M, Lanin I, Wilson A. Evaluating bizarre-idiosyncratic thinking (a comprehensive index of positive thought disorder). Schizophr Bull. 1986;12:497–511
  23. Andreasen N, Powers P. Overinclusion thinking in mania and schizophrenia. Br J Psychiatry. 1974;125:452–456
  24. Harrow M, Quinlan D. Is disordered thinking unique to schizophrenia?. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1977;34:15–21
  25. Johnston M, Holzman P. Assessing Schizophrenic Thinking. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass; 1979;
  26. Harrow M, Grossman L, Silverstein M. Thought pathology in manic and schizophrenic patients (its occurrence at hospital admissions and seven weeks later). Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1982;39:665–671
  27. Harvey P. Speech competence in manic and schizophrenic psychosis (the association between clinically rated thought disorder and cohesion and reference performance). J Abnorm Psychol. 1983;92:368–377
  28. Vygotsky L. Thought and Language. New York, NY: Wiley; 1962;
  29. Rochester S, Martin J. Crazy Talk (A Study of the Discourse of Schizophrenic Speakers). New York, NY: Plenum; 1979;
  30. Cronbach L, Meehl P. Construct validity in psychological tests. Psychol Bull. 1956;52:281–302

☆ Supported in part by Grant No. MH-26341 from the National Institute of Mental Health to M.H., and by a Young Investigator Award from the National Alliance for Research in Schizophrenia and Depression to E.S.H.

PII: S0010-440X(03)00113-5

doi: 10.1016/S0010-440X(03)00113-5

Comprehensive Psychiatry
Volume 44, Issue 5 , Pages 353-359 , September 2003

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