Comprehensive Psychiatry
Volume 44, Issue 2 , Pages 110-116 , March 2003

The structure of affective symptoms in a sample of young adults

References 

  1. Kleist K. Die Gliederung der neuropsychischen Erkrankungen. Monatsschr Psychiatr Neurol. 1953;25:526–554
  2. Leonhard K. Aufteilung der endogenen Psychosen. [The Classification of Endogenous Psychosis]. Berlin: Germany: Akademie-Verlag; 1957;
  3. Abrams R, Taylor MA, Hayman MA, Krishna NR. Unipolar mania revisited. J Affect Disord. 1979;1:59–68
  4. Lee S, Yu H. Unipolar mania in non-Western cultures. Br J Psychiatry. 1994;165:413
  5. Pfohl B, Vasquez N, Nasrallah H. The mathematical case against unipolar mania. J Psychiatr Res. 1981;16:259–265
  6. Shulman KI, Tohen M. Unipolar mania reconsidered. Evidence from an elderly cohort. Br J Psychiatry. 1994;164:547–549
  7. Nurnberger J, Roose SP, Dunner DL, Fieve RR. Unipolar mania: a distinct clinical entity. Am J Psychiatry. 1979;136:1420–1423
  8. American Psychiatric Association . Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Ed. 4 (DSM-IV). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 1994;
  9. Goodwin FK, Jamison KR. Manic-Depressive Illness. New York, NY: Oxford University Press; 1990;
  10. Bauer MS, Whybrow PC, Gyulai L, Gonnel J, Yeh HS. Testing definitions of dysphoric mania and hypomania: prevalence, clinical characteristics and inter-episode stability. J Affect Disord. 1994;32:201–211
  11. Cassidy F, Murry E, Forest K, Carroll BJ. Signs and symptoms of mania in pure and mixed episodes. J Affect Disord. 1998;50:187–201
  12. Perugi G, Akiskal HS, Micheli C, Musetti I, Paiano A, Quilci C, et al.  Clinical subtypes of bipolar mixed states: Validating a broader European definition in 143 cases. J Affect Disord. 1997;43:169–180
  13. Beck AT, Steer RA. Beck Depression Inventory—Manual. San Antonio, TX: Psychological Corp. 1987;
  14. Rush JA, Gullion CM, Basco MR, Jarrett RB, Trivedi MH. The Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (IDS): psychometric properties. Psychol Med. 1986;26:477–486
  15. Shugar G, Scherzer S, Toner BB, Di Gasbarro I. Development, use, and factor analysis of a self-report inventory for mania. Compr Psychiatry. 1992;33:325–331
  16. Altman EG, Hedeker D, Peterson JL, Davis JM. The Altman Self-Rating Mania Scale. Biol Psychiatry. 1997;42:948–953
  17. Bauer MS, Crits-Christoph P, Ball WA, Dewees E, McAllister T, Alahi P, et al.  Independent assessment of manic and depressive symptoms by self-rating. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1991;48:807–812
  18. Brown ES, Bauer MS, Suppes T, Khan DA, Carmody T. Comparison of the Internal State Scale to clinician-administered scales in asthma patients receiving corticosteroid therapy. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2000;22:180–183
  19. Cooke RG, Krüger S, Shugar G. Comparative evaluation of two self-report mania rating scales. Biol Psychiatry. 1996;40:279–283
  20. Meyer TD, Hautzinger M. Bipolare affektive Störungen. In:  Hautzinger M editors. Kognitive Verhaltenstherapie bei psychischen Störungen (3., ueberarbeitete und erweiterte Aufl.). Weinheim: Germany: Psychologie Verlags Union; 2000;p. 40–69
  21. Bauer MS, Vojta C, Kinosian B, Altshuler L, Glick H. The Internal State Scale: replication of its discriminating abilities in a mulitsite, public sector sample. Bipolar Disord. 2000;2:340–346
  22. Depue RA, Slater JF, Wolfstetter-Kausch H, Klein D, Goplerud E, Farr D. A behavioral paradigm for identifying persons at risk for bipolar depressive disorder: a conceptual framework and five validation studies. J Abnorm Psychol. 1981;90:381–437
  23. Depue RA, Klein DN. Identification of unipolar and bipolar affective conditions in nonclinical and clinical populations by the General Behavior Inventory. In:  Dunner DL,  Gershon ES,  Barrett JE editor. Relatives at Risk for Mental Disorder. New York, NY: Rave; 1988;p. 179–202
  24. Lovejoy MC, Steuerwald BL. Subsyndromal unipolar and bipolar disorders: comparisons on positive and negative affect. J Abnorm Psychol. 1995;104:381–384
  25. Meyer B, Johnson SL, Carver CS. Exploring behavioral activation and inhibition sensitivities among college students at risk for bipolar spectrum symptomatology. J Psychopath Behav Assess. 1999;21:275–292
  26. Radloff LS. The CES-D: a self-report symptom scale to detect depression in the general population. Appl Psychol Measure. 1977;3:385–401
  27. Ensel WM. Measuring depression: the CES-D scale. In:  Lin N,  Dean A,  Ensel WM editor. Social Support, Life Events, and Depression. Orlando, FL: Academic Press; 1986;p. 51–70
  28. Geerlings SW, Beekman AT, Deeg DJ, Van Tilburg W. Physical health and the onset and persistence of depression in older adults: an eight-wave prospective community-based study. Psychol Med. 2000;30:365–380
  29. Roberts RE, Andrews JA, Lewinsohn PM, Hops H. Assessment of depression in adolescents using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. Psychol Assess. 1990;2:122–128
  30. Wong YL. Measurement properties of the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D) in a homeless population. Psychol Assess. 2000;12:69–76
  31. Hautzinger M. Die CES-D Skala. Ein Depressionsinstrument fuer Untersuchungen in der Allgemeinbevoelkerung. Diagnostica. 1988;34:167–173
  32. Hautzinger M, Bailer M. Allgemeine Depressions-Skala. Weinheim: Germany: Beltz; 1993;
  33. Meyer TD, Hautzinger M. Allgemeine Depressions-Skala (ADS)—Normierung an Minderjährigen und Erweiterung zur Erfassung manischer Symptome (ADMS). [The German version of the CES-D—norms for minors and extension for the assessment of manic symptoms.] Diagnostica. 2001;47:208–215
  34. Klein DN, Lewinsohn PM, Seeley JR. Hypomanic personality traits in a community sample of adolescents. J Affect Disord. 1996;38:135–143
  35. Meyer TD. The Hypomanic Personality Scale, the Big Five, and their relationship to depression and mania. Person Individ Diff. 2002;32:649–660
  36. Carter JD, Joyce PR, Mulder RT, Luty SE, McKenzie J. Gender differences in the presentation of depressed outpatients: a comparison of descriptive variables. J Affect Disord. 2000;61:59–67
  37. Cyranowski JM, Frank E, Young E, Shear K. Adolescent onset of the gender difference in lifetime rates of major depression. A theoretical model. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2000;57:21–27
  38. Leibenluft E. Gender Difference in Mood and Anxiety Disorders: From Bench to Bedside. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press; 1999;
  39. Hertzog C, Van Alstine J, Usala PD, Hultsch DF, Dixon R. Measurement properties of the Center for Epidemiological Depression Scale (CES-D) in older populations. Psychol Assess. 1990;2:64–72
  40. Roberts RE. Reliability of the CES-D scale in different ethnic contexts. Psychiatry Res. 1980;2:125–134
  41. Beigel A, Murphy DL. Assessing clinical characteristics of the manic state. Am J Psychiatry. 1971;128:688–694
  42. Cassidy F, Forest K, Murry E, Carroll BJ. A factor analysis of the signs and symptoms of mania. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1998;55:27–32
  43. Angst J. The emerging epidemiology of hypomania and bipolar II disorder. J Affect Disord. 1998;50:143–151
  44. Altman EG. Rating scales for mania: is self-rating reliable?. J Affect Disord. 1998;50:283–286
  45. Double DB. The factor structure of manic rating scales. J Affect Disord. 1990;18:113–119
  46. Hirschfeld RMA, Williams JBW, Spitzer RL, Calabrese JR, Flynn L, Keck PE, et al.  Development and validation of a screening instrument for bipolar spectrum disorder: the Mood Disorder Questionnaire. Am J Psychiatry. 2000;157:1873–1875

☆ Supported by the Department of Culture and Education of the Baden-Wuerttemberg state.

☆☆ Address reprint requests to Thomas D. Meyer, Ph.D., Eberhard Karls Universitaet, Psychologisches Institut, Abteilung fuer Klinische und Physiologische Psychologie, Christophstrasse 2, 72072 Tuebingen, Germany.

★ 0010-440X/03/4402-0011$30.00/0

PII: S0010-440X(03)00045-2

doi: 10.1053/comp.2003.50025

Comprehensive Psychiatry
Volume 44, Issue 2 , Pages 110-116 , March 2003

Article Tools