Comprehensive Psychiatry
Volume 41, Issue 1 , Pages 70-72 , January 2000

Pseudoakathisia: A review and two case reports

  • Jean H. Stubbs

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress reprint requests to Jean H. Stubbs, M.Sc., B. Pharm., Pharmacy Department, St. Andrew's Hospital, Billing Road, Northampton NN1 5DG UK.
    • ,
  • Simon M. Halstead

References 

  1. Halstead SM, Barnes TRE, Speller JC. Akathisia: prevalence and associated dysphoria in an in-patient population with chronic schizophrenia. Br J Psychiatry. 1994;164:177–183
  2. Burke RE, Kang UJ, Jankovic J, Miller LG, Fahn S. Tardive akathisia: an analysis of clinical features and response to open therapeutic trials. Mov Disord. 1989;4:157–175
  3. Sachdev P. Clinical characteristics of tardive and chronic akathisia. In: Akathisia and Restless Legs. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press; 1995;p. 152–180
  4. Barnes TRE, Braude WM. Akathisia variants and tardive dyskinesia. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1985;42:874–878
  5. Munetz MR, Cornes CL. Akathisia, pseudoakathisia and tardive dyskinesia: clinical examples. Compr Psychiatry. 1982;23:345–352
  6. Munetz MR. Akathisia variants and tardive dyskinesia. [letter] Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1986;43:1015
  7. Stahl SM. Akathisia and tardive dyskinesia. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1985;42:915–917
  8. Barnes TRE. Movement disorder associated with antipsychotic drugs: the tardive syndromes. Int Rev Psychiatry. 1990;2:355–366
  9. Sachdev P. Research diagnostic criteria for drug-induced akathisia: conceptualization, rationale and proposal. Psychopharmacology. 1994;114:181–186
  10. Lang AE. Withdrawal akathisia: case reports and a proposed classification of chronic akathisia. Mov Disord. 1994;9:188–192
  11. Lang AE. The classification of akathisia-reply. Mov Disord. 1995;10:236–237
  12. Barnes TRE. A rating scale for drug-induced akathisia. Br J Psychiatry. 1989;154:672–676
  13. Barnes TRE, Trauer T. Reliability and validity of a tardive dyskinesia videotape rating technique. Br J Psychiatry. 1982;140:508–515
  14. McCreadie RG, Robertson LJ, Wiles DH. The Nithsdale Schizophrenia Surveys. IX: akathisia, parkinsonism, tardive dyskinesia and plasma neuroleptic levels. Br J Psychiatry. 1992;161:793–799
  15. Halstead SM, Barnes TRE, Hennessy RE, Goswami U. Six year follow-up study of chronic akathisia in a schizophrenic inpatient population. [abstract] J Psychopharmacol. 1997;11:A72; (Suppl)
  16. Barnes TRE, Edwards JG. The side effects of antipsychotic drugs 1. CNS and neuromuscular effects. In:  Barnes TRE editors. Antipsychotic Drugs and Their Side Effects. San Diego, CA: Academic; 1993;p. 213–247
  17. Brown KW, White T. Pseudoakathisia and negative symptoms in schizophrenic subjects. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1991;84:107–109
  18. Ganesh S, Rao JM, Cowie VA. Akathisia in neuroleptic medicated mentally handicapped subjects. J Merit Defic Res. 1989;33:323–329
  19. Hermesh H, Manor I, Munitz H. Propranolol: a treatment for pseudoakathisia. J Nerv Merit Dis. 1994;182:241–243
  20. Fleischhacker WW, Roth SD, Kane JM. The pharmacological treatment of neuroleptic-induced akathisia. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 1990;10:12–21

PII: S0010-440X(00)90134-2

Comprehensive Psychiatry
Volume 41, Issue 1 , Pages 70-72 , January 2000

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