Comprehensive Psychiatry
Volume 41, Issue 1 , Pages 24-27 , January 2000

Five-year follow-up study of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing therapy for combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder

  • Michael L. Macklin

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationReprint requests to Michael L. Macklin, B.A., VA Research Service. 228 Maple St. Second Floor. Manchester, NH 03103.
    • Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Manchester, NH, USA
    • Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
    • ,
  • Linda J. Metzger

      Affiliations

    • Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Manchester, NH, USA
    • Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
    • ,
  • Natasha B. Lasko

      Affiliations

    • Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Manchester, NH, USA
    • Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
    • ,
  • Nancy J. Berry

      Affiliations

    • Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Manchester, NH, USA
    • Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
    • ,
  • Scott P. Orr

      Affiliations

    • Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Manchester, NH, USA
    • Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
    • ,
  • Roger K. Pitman

      Affiliations

    • Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Manchester, NH, USA
    • Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

References 

  1. Shapiro F. Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing: Basic Principles, Protocols, and Procedures. New York, NY: Guilford; 1995;
  2. Foa EB, Meadows EA. Psychosocial treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder: a critical review. Annu Rev Psychol. 1997;48:449–480
  3. Van Etten ML, Taylor S. Comparative efficacy of treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder: a meta-analysis. Clin Psychol Psychother. 1998;5:126–145
  4. Pitman RK, Orr SP, Altman B, Longpre RE, Poire RE, Macklin ML. Emotional processing during eye movement desensitization and reprocessing therapy of Vietnam veterans with chronic posttraumatic stress disorder. Compr Psychiatry. 1996;37:419–429
  5. Wilson SA, Becker LA, Tinker RH. Fifteen-month follow-up of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder and psychological trauma. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1997;6:1047–1056
  6. Pitman RK, Orr SP, Altman B, Longpre RE, Poire RE, Macklin ML, et al.  Emotional processing and outcome of imaginal flooding therapy in Vietnam veterans with chronic posttraumatic stress disorder. Compr Psychiatry. 1996;37:409–418
  7. Keane TM, Fairbank JA, Caddell JM, Zimering RT, Taylor KL, Mora CA. Clinical evaluation of a measure to assess combat exposure. Psychol Assess. 1989;1:53–55
  8. Blake DD, Weathers FW, Nagy LM, Kaloupek DG, Gusman FD, Charney DS, et al.  The development of a ClinicianAdministered PTSD Scale. J Trauma Stress. 1995;8:75–90
  9. Horowitz M, Wilner N, Alvarez W. Impact of Event Scale: a measure of subjective stress. Psychosom Med. 1979;41:209–218
  10. Zilberg NJ, Weiss DS, Horowitz MJ. Impact of Event Scale: a cross-validation study and some empirical evidence supporting a conceptual model of stress response syndromes. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1982;50:407–414
  11. Keane TM, Caddell JM, Taylor KL. Mississippi Scale for Combat-Related Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: three studies in reliability and validity. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1988;56:85–90
  12. Derogatis LR. In: Ed. 3.. SCL-90-R: Administration, Scoring & Procedures Manual-III for the R(evised) Version. Towson, MD: Clinical Psychometric Research; 1983;

PII: S0010-440X(00)90127-5

Comprehensive Psychiatry
Volume 41, Issue 1 , Pages 24-27 , January 2000

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